Discusses different materials such as stones, bricks, cement, lime, sand, timber, and alternative materials like plywood and MDF.
Understanding their types, uses, and properties, including specific applications in construction.
Basic RCC principles, concrete grades, bar bending, and structural elements like beams, columns, and slabs.
Principles of road construction, alignment, classification, and components like gradients and drainage systems.
Purpose, techniques, rate analysis, and measurement for construction estimating and costing.