Draftsman

• Symbols, conventional representation, dimensions, and geometrical figures. • Orthographic and Isometric projections, perspectives, and basic drafting techniques.

• Discusses different materials such as stones, bricks, cement, lime, sand, timber, and alternative materials like plywood and MDF. • Understanding their types, uses, and properties, including specific applications in construction.

• Focus on components of buildings, types of masonry (stone, brick), foundations, treatments for dampness, termite proofing, and fireproofing. • Details about arches, lintels, formwork, doors, windows, roofs, and stairs. • Importance of planning, building orientation, and adherence to local building codes. • Considerations for lighting, ventilation, and layout design.

• Introduction to public health engineering, sanitation, water supply, plumbing, and sewage treatment. • Systems involved in water treatment and sewerage.

• Overview of chain survey, compass survey, plane table survey, levelling techniques, and theodolite survey. • GPS and remote sensing for surveying and mapping.

• Basic RCC principles, concrete grades, bar bending, and structural elements like beams, columns, and slabs.

Introduction to steel sections, fasteners, joints, and the classification and construction of steel structures.

• Principles of road construction, alignment, classification, and components like gradients and drainage systems.

• Overview of bridge components, types of culverts, and structural elements like abutments and wing walls.

• Permanent way, rail types, gauges, joints, and components used in railway track construction.

Purpose, techniques, rate analysis, and measurement for construction estimating and costing.

Knowledge of operating systems, software, CAD tools, icons, commands, and shortcut keys.